Shrinking Middle class Essay -- essays papers

Shrinking Middle class The Incredibly Shrinking Middle Class I never thought I would find so much information on the incredibly shrinking middle class until I searched around for it on the Internet. In the United States, the middle class is put into a strange socioeconomic category. Although it is not easily defined everyone believes they belong in that class. I guess what you can do is look at it in two different ways. First ask the question â€Å"What percent of all income is distributed to the middle class at any time,† then think about â€Å"How many families obtain enough income to achieve a middle class standard of living at any point of time.† Basically these are two ways of approaching the middle class called either the percentile approach or the class share approach. What comes into my mind when thinking on how to categorize those people that belong in the middle class, I look at such things as education, race, family, income, gender and how many people are in your household. I look at it as those people who are making between $40,000 and about $85,000 to be in the middle class while the next step would be the upper middle class and then to the upper class. Maybe I am wrong here, but like I said before, everyone wants to have that â€Å"I am middle class† attitude. The most recent Census Bureau survey data shows that the share of households with incomes of $75,000 or more has doubled in the past 24 years. Other studies, however, discover that more people who depart the middle class move down than up, at least temporarily. The most often cited cause of the decline of the middle class in the United States is stagnant wages. Between 1955 and 1970, real wages adjusted and inflation rose by an average of 2.5 percent per year. Between 1971 and 1994, the average growth of real wages was 0.3 percent a year. The stagnation of wages has been especially noticeable to middle-class people, who rely very much on the money they make at their jobs. Recessions seem to hit higher income households much harder, which sends them down to the middle class. Middle-income households may or may not be more likely than higher-income households to qualify for unemployment compensation when jobs are scarce. But those who do are more likely than high-income households to receive benefits that replace a greater share of their regular wages, which helps them maintai... ...ocess. Data generated by the Census Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Federal Reserve and other nonpartisan sources oppose claims commonly made. For example, data from such agencies show that differences in family income largely reflect differences in how many members of a family actually work and how hard they work. Americans in all income groups have prospered, or have failed to prosper, together. Gains by upper-income Americans have not come at the expense of middle or lower-income Americans. Nor has anyone else gained in those periods when higher-income families have lost ground. The best era in recent history for middle-income and lower-income American families was the Reagan era, which lasted from 1982 to 1989. During that period, middle-class families saw their real incomes grow by an average of 12.6 percent, while lower income families saw an average increase in real earnings of 12.9 percent. The wealth inequality debate should focus on what public policies will aid the accumulation of wealth by more, not fewer, American families. The first step American’s need to make toward transforming our consumer culture is to understand it better.

Brand Awareness and Perception towards Branded Jewellery Essay

The gems and jewellery industry occupies an important position in the Indian economy and is one of the fastest growing industries in the country. In the late 1990s, the Indian jewellery market witnessed a shift in consumer perceptions of jewellery. Apart from its historical religious significance, Jewellery is valued as an important savings and investment vehicle in India. Even in present times, Jewellery remains the Indian bride’s `Streedhan’, the wealth she takes with her when she marries and which remains hers. Gold jewellery is the preferred jewellery worn by women in India irrespective of their religious beliefs. In marriages, gold jewellery is the gift preferred by the near relatives of the bride and the groom. Jewellery is very popular among farmers, with an upsurge in gold sales after a good agricultural season. Buying of gold is an important part of every stage of an Indian citizen’s life— at birth, marriage, construction of home, festivals, relig ious ceremonies, setting up of new business, and death. Instead of being regarded as only an investment option, jewellery was being prized for its aesthetic appeal. In other words, the focus seemed to have shifted from content to design. Trendy, affordable and lightweight jewellery soon gained familiarity. Branded jewellery also gained acceptance forcing traditional Jewellers to go in for branding. As India makes rapid progress in the retail arena, the Indian Jewellery market is undergoing a gradual metamorphosis from unorganised to organised formats. Jewellery retailing is moving from a ‘storehouse of value’ to a precious fashion accessory. Plain gold is gradually easing its stranglehold on the Indian consumer psyche to give way to diamonds, platinum and coloured gemstones. The way jewellery was worn before is undergoing a tremendous change. However branded jewellery players will continue to face lot of competition from local jewellers. In order to gain market share, they will have to come up with designs that customers want and win the trust and confidence of consumers by hallmarking and demonstrating the purity of the gold used by them. To compete with traditional players, branded players must also find some way to differentiate themselves. While the success of a particular brand will depend on differentiation, affordability and quality will be a key element  in sustaining a brand. The present study will help us to understand the brand awareness and perception of the customers towards MALABAR GOLD jewellery in Bangalore. 3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM In the emerging knowledge based economy it has become necessary to know how much market power lies with the brand name. Awareness and Perception are the two key metrics that any company would use to measure their brand strength. The study of brand awareness and perception is essential in marketing planning. Customer needs and preferences keep changing where brands ultimately command customer’s loyalty. Without brand awareness occurring, no other communication effects can occur. For a consumer to buy a brand they must first be made aware of it. Brand attitude cannot be formed, and intention to buy cannot occur unless brand awareness has occurred. Brand perception is created by consumer experience with the brand’s product or service. In other words, perception is the values consumers attach to a brand. After the purchase of specialty goods or shopping goods, the customer exhibits post purchase behaviour. It may be either cognitive consonance or cognitive dissonance. The consonance leads to dissatisfaction. But when it comes to customers going in high value premium segment goods such as gold, diamond and platinum ornaments, in a high competitive with too many players in the market, then the customer surely has a wide range of choice to choose from and carefully evaluates the different showrooms before making a purchase decision. In such a situation, any purchase dissonance will lead to very high degree of dissatisfaction, which may also lead to spreading negative opinion to the prospective buyer of jeweller’s outlet. Hence a research is undertaken to understand the brand awareness and perception towards branded jewellery with specific reference to Malabar Gold and Diamonds, Bangalore. 4. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY Primary objective The main objective of the study is to determine the level of brand awareness  and brand perception of Malabar Gold Jewellery, and the use of it as a measure to increase the marketing effectiveness of Malabar Brand Jewellery. Secondary objectives i. To compare the customer preference between the branded and non branded jewellery ii. To understand the parameters the customers consider while buying jewellery iii. To know how brand preference is formed in purchasing Malabar Gold jewellery among customers iv. To measure the level of satisfaction of customers of Malabar Gold v. To analyze the marketing strategies of Malabar Gold with regard to brand awareness and perception 5. RESEARCH DESIGN TYPE OF RESEARCH The study will be descriptive in nature POPULATION Customers buying gold in Bangalore City SAMPLE SIZE The sample for the study would be limited to 105 respondents. SAMPLING UNIT For this study the respondents will be the customers buying gold and diamond jewellery TYPE OF SAMPLING Simple random sampling method will be used for the study. TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION Primary data: Primary data will be collected using a structured questionnaire as well as personal interview method. Secondary data: The secondary data for this work will be obtained from company magazines and brochures, website, newspapers, internet, text books, reports and other promotional materials. HYPOTHESES STATED FOR THE STUDY: Hypothesis 1 Null Hypothesis (H0): Gender of customers and preference for branded and non-branded jewellery is independent. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Gender of customers and preference for branded and non-branded jewellery is independent. Hypothesis 2 Null Hypothesis (H0): Marital Status of customers and purchase of jewellery is independent. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Marital Status of customers and purchase of jewellery is dependent. PLAN OF ANALYSIS The data collected from various sources will be tabulated and represented using the percentage and ranking method. Graphical tools like bar diagrams, pie charts etc., will be used to illustrate the tabulated data pictorially. Inferences and interpretation of the data will be done on the basis of tabulated data. In both Hypotheses 1 and 2, the null hypotheses will be tested using Chi-Square test for independence of attributes at 5% level of significance. 6. PROPOSED CHAPTER SCHEME: a. Introduction b. Review of Literature & Research Design c. Profile of Industry/Business/Selected Organisations d. Results, Analyses and Discussions e. Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations.

Taking a Look at Islam and Judaims - 777 Words

Introduction Apart from Christianity, Islam and Judaism are two of the most influential religions in the world, particularly in the Middle East. Although Judaism is not as large as Islam, it has impacted on the world in a profound manner. While it’s quite evident that both Islam and Judaism appear to be having conflicting differences in terms of their doctrines, they are both know as Abrahamic religions because they share a common origin in the Middle East through Abraham in the Hebrew Bible. Nevertheless, Judaism is often considered to be the oldest of all the Abrahamic religions. Most ethnographers have been more interested in understanding on how the convictions between the two religions compare, based on their religious believes about God, afterlife, the universe and people. This can be attributed to the fact that the conflict between Islam and Judaism has been viewed as a result of irreconcilable clash of religious doctrines. But, I do not believe that this is really the case. This essay will focus on drawing a comparison between Judaism and Islam so as to establish the similarities and differences that exist between them. The comparison will then be used to support my opinion based on the ides that these religions can live together peacefully and that they are not destined for perpetual conflict. Similarities There are several doctrines and historical events that can be linked to the two religions. Both Islam and Judaism believe in the existence of one creator

Reliable Historical Sources Essay - 2754 Words

Reliable Historical Sources History is the study of the past, of what had really happened and who were involved. To study history itself, it is essential that the source from which the information were taken is factual as well as reliable. It is not acceptable if it contains errors and flaws or mixing the truth with some fictions. This essay will investigate and evaluate a piece of historical evidence, the Hollywood movie The Patriot starred by Mel Gibson and Heath Ledger in order to determine whether or not it is reliable and could be used to determine the events that really had happened during the American fight†¦show more content†¦A secondary source, however, offers an easier interpretation of what was stated in a primary source. An example of a secondary source is an encyclopedia telling about what happened during the Revolution for Independence in America. The disadvantage is t hat it is not one hundred percent reliable. Since The Patriot is a secondary source, it certainly contains bias and therefore makes it quite hard for the audience to be sure of its reliability. The Patriot was made for the sake of Hollywood and not to share what happened in the American history through a thorough and complete documentation. Therefore, the script The Patriot itself will certainly reflects on how the scriptwriter think about the events and contains personal opinions on the subject. Relating to the point that had just been made, the reliability of a historical source also depend on the bias a source contained. What needs to be questioned is whether or not this movie is biased? As seen from an audience perspective, The Patriot is a biased movie because once again, it is a Hollywood movie with American crews and therefore they have their own ideas on how the events had occurred and why they thought they were right in pursuing independence rather that keeping peace with the Great Britain. If seen from the British perspective, the characters on the British side might not be that bad, especially TavingtonShow MoreRelatedAre the Stories from the Holocaust Survivors with PTSD Reliable as Historical Sources?1846 Words   |  8 PagesThis investigation will answer the question To what extent are the stories from the Holocaust survivors with PTSD reliable as historical sources? This question is important because there are still holocaust survivors alive today, and their stories are arguably the ones that teach us he most about the Holocaust, since they are primary sources of the event. The survivors dealt with a lot of physical and emotional trauma while in the camps, so it would be easy for them to procure PTSD. The mentalRead MoreIntroduction. 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The Impact of Modern Literatures Focus on Mystical and...

Reading can be vital because it determines the focus of your mind (Covington). Is reading bad for a person? Does this mean modern literature is partly responsible for the corruption of society because it determines the way people think? Reading can transport people to different places, times, and state of minds. But what you read will determine it all. Even though modern literature makes great reads, it is changing the views of society because magazines send the wrong messages and modern literature only focuses on mystical and fantasy ideas. Modern literature makes fascinating reads because readers are able to escape into a fantasy world. Reading exposes the reader into a different mindset (Covington). It allows bookworms to think†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"new girl† is introduced to a new world when she notices the most inexplicable guy she has ever met. She then becomes engaged in a dangerous, irrevocable game; the fight for one’s life. The most attractive seventeen year old turns out to have a dark side that the readers were aware of, due to the notes on the back of the book. Stephenie Meyer, the author or Twilight, turned the bizarre, murky book into a captivating love story by using the impossible. The story tells the life of the young Bella and Edward. It tells of their journey and fight to be together even though they are involved in a forbidden love. The story has a hooking story line that captured the hearts of girls and even some guys. The story allows the readers to get away into a game of cat and mouse with the most romantic story line since The Notebook and A Walk to Remember by Nicholas Sparks. The book is filled with laughs, with suspense pounding in the chest and the awe of the impossible being made possible. The novel has millions of girls and even guys talking about the affection one can feel when reading. The tale has readers mesmerized and living in a different world while they comprehend what is h appening around them. The book is a great novel and has received very high ratings by critics and the readers. Twilight makes a great read for those that enjoy suspense, romance, and the unexpected. Even though modern literature makes great reads, it is changing the views of society because

Behavior Management of Exceptional Children Free Essays

BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN: TRANSITION SERVICES Transition Services is defined by the 1997 Amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) as a coordinated set of activities for a student, designated within an outcome-oriented process, which promotes movement from school to post-school activities including: post-secondary education, career training, adult services, independent living, community participation, and integrated employment (including supported employment. The coordinated set of activities shall be based upon the individual needs of each student, taking into consideration his/her preferences and interests. IEP goals and objectives are required for the following areas: * Instruction * Related Services * Community Experiences * Development of employment and other post-school adult living objectives * Daily living skills and functional vocational evaluation are required. We will write a custom essay sample on Behavior Management of Exceptional Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"The importance of the transition specialist, or career education specialist, in the types of projects cannot be underestimated. The relationships these staff members maintain with the participants are crucial to the structure and success of these services†(Bullis and Cheney, 1999). Vocational Assessments Vocational Evaluation is a comprehensive process that systematically uses work activities, (either real or simulated), as the focal point for assessment of capabilities, vocational exploration and guidance. The purpose of vocational evaluation is to assist individuals in vocational development. Vocational evaluation incorporates medical, psychological, social, vocational, cultural, and economic data into the assessment process to determine realistic vocational areas. Transition Planning Transition planning begins at a very early age. It continues through each educational phase of the student’s life, culminating with adult living. A continuum of services focuses upon a student’s preparation for transition through participation in career awareness activities, career exploration, vocational training and employment. A continuum of Transition Services has been developed to serve as a guideline for transition planning. The continuum begins at preschool and ends at age 22. Transition planning is documented in the Individualized Education Program (IEP) beginning at age 14. â€Å"There is a lack of student and parent output, little documentation of transition plan specifics for each student, and IEP that were almost exclusively academically focused with no obvious links between goal/objectives and transition outcomes. Indeed, these weaknesses in the use of the IEP process and document planning for transition directly affect the implementation of transition services†(Collet-Klingenberg, L. L. , 1998). It is the responsibility of the IEP chairperson – usually the special education teacher – to arrange IEP / transition planning meetings for students at age 14 and older. The IEP notice to parents must include the following information: * The purpose of the IEP meeting is to develop / review the IEP and to consider Transition Services for inclusion into the IEP. * The student is invited to attend the IEP meeting. * Appropriate agency representatives have been identified and invited to the IEP / transition planning meeting. The IEP transition meeting must include all required IEP participants, plus two other representatives, as follows: * Parents or Legal Guardians * Special Education Teacher * Regular Education Teacher * Public Agency Representative (if appropriate) * Student * Other Individuals at the discretion of the parent or agency * Interpreter, when the parent or legal guardian is deaf or not proficient in the English language. * Career Education Teacher / Coordinator If the student does not attend the meeting, steps should be taken to ensure that his/her preferences and interests are considered. If an invited agency representative is unable to attend the meeting, other steps shall be taken to obtain participation. The IEP /Transition Planning meeting participants will provide input for expected outcomes. The following questions may be discussed. * What are the interest, preferences, and goals of the student after graduating or exiting school? * What support would be required to reach post-secondary goals? * Will the student be referred to an adult agency? * What type of adult agency service(s) is needed after graduation, if any? Who will be responsible for the referral(s) (i. e. special education teacher, the school based staff, parent, student, others? * Who will follow-up to ensure that the linkage between the school and adult agency(ies) was established? The IEP Team will develop transition goals and objectives that focus on the desired adult outcomes (long range transition goals). Students’ preferences, strengths and limitations, career / vocational skills develop ment, needed support services, job availability, medical and transportation requirements are also considered. Parents’ expectations of desired student outcomes should be obtained and considered. What exactly is the Transition Plan? The Transition Plan is a part of the IEP. It includes long-range transition goals, indicating the students’ preferences and interests after exiting school, are identified. â€Å"The skills needed to be successful in post secondary educational and vocational; settings, such as self-awareness, awareness of appropriate career options, and the ability to engage in self-advocacy when necessary, takes many years to develop† (Janiga,s. , J. ; Costenbader, V. 2002). Transition Services needed to achieve the long-range goals are determined. Agencies involved in transition planning while the student is still in school should be identified. That involvement is considered â€Å"agency linkages†. Transition goals and objectives are written. Agency responsibilities should be recorded in the IEP on the Transition Plan. Transition activities (objective s), persons responsible for the activities, and timelines are recorded. If an agency fails to fulfill its responsibilities, the IEP Team must reconvene to identify alternative strategies. Transition plans are reviewed, discussed and developed annually. The special education teacher, who completes the Transition Checklist, maintains a summary of transition planning. The Transition Checklist is reviewed and updated annually at the IEP meeting. A copy of the Transition Checklist is provided to the parent / guardian for further reference and planning. To assist in the development of transition plans at the IEP meeting Guidelines for transition services agenda is used. The guidelines outline what should be done before, during and after the IEP meeting. Records Keeping The special education teacher maintains a portfolio for each student, beginning at age 14, or grade 9. The portfolio documents a collection of evidence of the student’s skills, abilities, and employment competencies (see your school’s Special Education Coordinator or your school-based Transition Coordinator to obtain the portfolio). The student is responsible for participation in the development and maintenance of his / her transition portfolio. Portfolios are maintained as documentation of transition services activities. Adult Agencies An adult agency representative can attend IEP / Transition meetings for students who are 16 years of age, or in the 11th grade, and thereafter, if considered necessary by the IEP Team. An agency representative may attend IEP / Transition meetings for student’s age 14 or younger, if considered necessary by the IEP Team. Some students will move from school to adult life requiring little or no more involvement with adult agencies than their non-disabled peers. Examples of such agencies or services are community colleges, vocational technological schools, other post-secondary educational institutions and the military. Other students may require time-limited adult services, such as the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA). There are also students who will need ongoing support from adult agencies such as the Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Administration (MRDDA). The IEP Team will determine which services may be appropriate for such students. Adult agencies may include, but are not limited to, the following: * Rehabilitation Service Administration Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Administration * Commission on Mental Health Services * Others Private agencies representation may be invited by parent / guardian or student of appropriate: * College / Community College * Vocational Technical Schools * Adult Education Services/ Training * Armed Forces * Others Transportation for Special Education Transport ation is a related service for special education students when it is necessary in order for a student with a disability to participate in an appropriate educational program. The Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT) makes individual decisions about transportation during the development of the Individualized Education Program (IEP) and placement. The MDT must consider the following: * Determine a need for specialized transportation and reflect the need in the student’s IEP * Review the student’s need for transportation at any IEP review * Qualifications for transportation include the following: * Limited sensory or physical endurance Significantly reduced intellectual development; and/or reduced problem solving skills Parents must do the following in order for transportation to be provided for their children: * Provide accurate address information to the Division of Special Education and ensure that it is updated if necessary during the school year * Call your child’s principal of any address changes during the school year. It can take 3 to 10 school days to make transportation changes during the school year * Have your child ready when the b us arrives in the morning * Meet the school bus in the afternoon. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bullis, M. , ; Cheney, D. (1999). Vocational and Transition Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders. Focus on Exceptional Children, 7, 1-24. Collet-Klingenberg, L. L. , (1998). The Reality of Best Practices in Transition: A Case Study. Exceptional Children, 1, 67-78. Janiga, S. , J. ; Costenbader, V. , (2002). The transition from High School to Postsecondary Education for students with Learning disabilities: A Survey of College Service Coordinators. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 5, 462-8, 479. How to cite Behavior Management of Exceptional Children, Papers

Acquired Immune Difficiency Syndrome Essay Example For Students

Acquired Immune Difficiency Syndrome Essay Acquired Immune Difficiency Syndrome AIDS is a life and death issue. To have the AIDS diseas is atpresent a sentence of slow but inevitable death.Ive already lost onefriend to AIDS. I may soon lose others. My own sexual behavior and that ofmany of my friends has been profoundly altered by it. In my part of thecountry, one man in10 may already be carrying the AIDS virus. While the figuresmay currently be less in much of the rest of the country,this is changingrapidly. There currently is neither a cure, nor even an effective treatment,and no vaccine either. But there are things that have been PROVEN immenselyeffective in slowing the spread of this hideously lethal disease.In thisessay I hope to present this information. History and OverviewAIDS stands for Acquired Immune Defficiency Disease. It is caused by avirus. The disease originated somewhere in Africa about 20 years ago. Thereit first appeared as a mysterious ailment afflicting primarily heterosexualsof both sexes. It probably wa s spread especially fast by primarily femaleprostitutes there. AIDS has already become a crisis of STAGGERING proportionsin parts of Africa. In Zaire, it is estimated that over twenty percent ofthe adults currently carry the virus. That figure is increasing. And whatoccurred there will, if no cure is found, most likely occur here amongheterosexual folks. AIDS was first seen as a disease of gay males in this country. This was a result of the fact that gay males in this culture in the daysbefore AIDS had an average of 200 to 400 new sexual contacts per year.Thisfigure was much higher than common practice among heterosexual (straight)men or women.In addition, it turned out that rectal sex was aparticularly effective way to transmit the disease,and rectal sex is acommon practice among gay males. For these reasons, the disease spread in thegay male population of this country immensely more quickly than in otherpopulations. It became to be thought of as a gay disease. Because thedisease is spread primarily by exposure of ones blood to infected bloodor semen, I.V. drug addicts who shared needles also soon were identifiedas an affected group.As the AIDSepidemicbegantoaffectincreasingly large fractions of those two populations (gay males and IV drugabusers), many of the rest of this society looked on smugly, for bothpopulations tended to be despised by the mainstream of society here. But AIDS is also spread by heterosexual sex. In addition, itis spread by blood transfusions. New born babies can acquire the disease frominfected mothers during pregnancy.Gradually more and more mainstream folksgot the disease. Most recently, a member of congress died of the disease. Finally,even the national news media began to join in the task ofeducating the public to the notion that AIDS can affect everyone. Basic medical research began to provide a few bits of information,and some help. The virus causing the disease was isolated and identified. The AIDS virus turned out to be a very unusual sort of virus. Its geneticmaterial was not DNA,but RNA. When it infected human cells, it had itsRNA direct the synthesis of viral DNA. While RNA viruses are not thatuncommon, very few RNA viruses reproduce by setting up the flow ofinformation from RNA to DNA. Such reverse or retro flow of informationdoes not occur at all in any DNA virus or any other living things. Hence,the virus was said to belong to the rare group of virues called Retro Viruses. .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .postImageUrl , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:hover , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:visited , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:active { border:0!important; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:active , .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814 .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u94b8ff5898a0801d6d97d13db7e63814:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Correcrional Counseling EssayResearch provided the means to test donated blood for the presence of theantibodies to the virus, astronomically reducing the chance of ones gettingAIDS from a blood transfusion. This was one of the first real breakthroughs. The same discoveries that allowed us to make our blood bank blood supply farsafer also allowed us to be able to tell (in most cases) whether one has beenexposed to the AIDS virus using a simple blood test